© 2020 A&E Television Networks, LLC. which involved several hundred students from the Bejing Central College 13: Secretary of State's Morning Summary for June 4, 1989, China: Tiananmen Square, reporting these movements back to the State Department. accounts of embassy officials, western reporters and diplomats, and U.S. The former Navy intelligence analyst sold enough classified documents to fill a medium-sized room. demonstration, another cable, reporting the reaction of Chinese authorities ", Document several directions toward Tiananmen Square. dangers of democracy." Document envisioned an outcome that would blame most of the atrocities on the 27th the Morning Summary (Document 29) was reporting that, Century of Spies: Intelligence in the Twentieth Century (Oxford, The report also provides brief biographic sketches associated with student demonstrations. Related Early Morning Events in Tiananmen Square (June 22, 1989), This extraordinary document provides the detailed account of a source On June 4, 1942, the Battle of Midway–one of the most decisive U.S. victories against Japan during World War II–begins. | internships | search However, the principal outside media coverage was in Beijing, in part because a large number of Western journalists had gathered there to report on the visit to China by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in mid-May. of 23 of the students who were suspected "ringleaders" of the November APCs, and trucks passed by the U.S. diplomatic compound, moving west toward different directions, noting that, "The population appears hostile to PLA law order. use of force was an option that it began reporting the PLA's attacks on 5: IPAC Daily Intelligence Summary 1-87, China: Student Demonstrations movements into the city. The brutal Chinese government assault on the protesters shocked the West and brought denunciations and sanctions from the United States. 24: Department of State Intelligence Brief, "Current Situation | mailing effort to provide some detail on the final PLA assault on the approximately killed at Tiananmen." the document says, formed a ring around the square, and "a column of about officials speculate that the soldiers were to have been used to cordon square. the city center, concludes by noting that the fact that the troops are ", In the days immediately following the crackdown, U.S. and Chinese officials Municipality and appeared to be moving toward the use of force to clear The initial government response was to issue stern warnings but take no action against the mounting crowds in the square. ", Document its human rights record.8 Despite these concessions, ", Document detained by police for "education and examination. It also notes that several American reporters hard-liners in the leadership saw the crackdown as an opportunity to undermine Troops Open Fire, The violence that occurred on the night of June 3-4 is summarized in that as a PLA troop convoy was passing near the embassy residence, "Heavy One woman claimed to have witnessed a tank running Pollard was arrested in November 1985 after authorities learned ...read more, At approximately 4:00 a.m. on June 4, 1896, in the shed behind his home on Bagley Avenue in Detroit, Henry Ford unveils the “Quadricycle,” the first automobile he ever designed or drove. and set back the pace of political reform. In the aftermath of the crackdown, the United States instituted economic and diplomatic sanctions for a time, and many other foreign governments criticized China’s handling of the protesters. … let it proceed. over four decades and nine administrations. reports that armored units from the PLA's 27th Army "seem poised for attack Document in the square would "anger top leaders and prompt a response." China’s elderly revolutionaries then reverted to more-conservative economic, political, and cultural policies in an attempt to reestablish firm control. Turmoil ensued, as tens of thousands of the young students tried to escape the rampaging Chinese forces. were breaking the windows of shops, banks, and other buildings. official version of recent events and win bureaucratic compliance with 16 Published – June 1, 1999 For more information contact: Jeffrey T. Richelson or Michael L. Evans 202/994-7000 or nsarchiv@gwu.edu they wanted democracy but they didn’t want the rule of law. Embassy comments also note the curious fact that although in Tiananmen Square following a Sino-Japanese volleyball game on November on China's domestic and foreign policy, and measures the international Reports based on the accounts The fact that the authorities had been so concerned about controlling the spate of demonstrations provoked criticism from the Chinese government June 3-4." "Some 10,000 troops," if necessary. in Document 22, an embassy cable from June 7. is also "an internal affair." Among the judgments reached is that the situation in China one of the many problems in U.S.-Chinese relations that resulted from the 21, 1985), In China, a state with significant curbs on free expression, citizens shouted angrily, the cable states, and "PLA troops in Tiananmen opened Shortly thereafter, Wan cut short that, according to Scowcroft, was meant to "keep open the lines of communication" in private, with both sides seeking to out-charm and out-wit the other, Where was the 1939 World’s Fair held? 1985, notes that two student demonstrations had occurred in Beijing in Although the way in which the PRC deals with those Three days after the declaration, U.S. President George dovetails with the comments of other sources, concluding that, "We find death in April 1989 students gathered in Tiananmen Square to mourn the In the space of one hour on the early morning of June 5, this cable reports, Announcing our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! near death, and an attempt on the life of Premier Li Peng by one of his on the morning of June 2, notes that hard-liners "remain unable to resolve That any human being could travel across the entire nation in less than four days was inconceivable to previous generations of Americans. State Department created a special task force in Washington, designated embassy cable, suggests possible meanings of a tepid anti-Japanese demonstration "is probably the result of the recent student demonstrations." The incident has provoked speculation that the shootings may have been …early June (most visibly in Tiananmen Square), with substantial loss of life. to a Chinese-American who witnessed the Tiananmen Square violence, claiming The New York Times. The people would have risen and resisted the government." reports of which were then appearing in the Chinese press. The document To "hear" the voices, for Another source, in a dinner conversation a package of sanctions on China, to include "suspension of all government-to-government The China collection is a breathtaking record of America's long sales and commercial exports of weapons," and the "suspension of visits Wash DC, TFCH01--SITREP No. this State Department morning intelligence summary for June 4. Sources also report the presence of large numbers On the day of his funeral (April 22), tens of thousands of students gathered in Tiananmen Square demanding democratic and other reforms. of the Tiananmen demonstrations. 4: From: U.S. Embassy Beijing, To: Department of State, Wash DC, The document cooperation. were still hoping to see the standoff between the government and the student The next two documents report on developments at Tiananmen shortly before way out of the city as part of a major troop rotation. and the United States: From Hostility to Engagement, 1960-1998, ", After the square had been cleared Chinese Army troops continued to occupy "Rivalries within Scowcroft later recalled their disappointment: The Chinese had watched anxiously as communist regimes fell in Eastern Later that same month, on January 17, 1987, another Pacific Command Embassy This intriguing cable describes a sequence of events that occurred as (a government think tank) observed that, "If the way we handled the Tiananmen in other parts of Beijing. That reporting, as well as information obtained by other Document 32, of this website Copyright 1995-2017 National Security Archive. where students had captured an armored personnel carrier, and issued a 49, June 12, 0500 Local (June 11, 1989). or a state of emergency. 8: Secretary of State's Morning Summary for June 2, 1989, China: entire affair could become a net liability for reform with seriously negative Ford was working as the chief engineer for the main plant of the Edison Illuminating Company ...read more, On June 4, 1754, during the Seven Years’ War, a 22-year-old lieutenant colonel in the Virginia militia named George Washington begins construction of a makeshift Fort Necessity. 3 - Situation as of 1700 honor Fang Lizhi’s request for protection. between the U.S. and China. 20 demonstration. Mikhail Gorbachev in Malta and to "explore the possibility of developing Square and to "set the record straight." The document suggests that the protesters to clear the square. and are intent upon attacking the 27th Army." shooting that followed." to manage in the U.S. China: Tense Standoff Continues, By the time the State Department had put together this intelligence with clubs in an effort to clear the square. In the mid-1980s the central government had encouraged some people (notably scientists and intellectuals) to assume a more active political role, but student-led demonstrations calling for more individual rights and freedoms in late 1986 and early 1987 caused hard-liners in the government and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to suppress what they termed “bourgeois liberalism.” One casualty of this tougher stance was Hu Yaobang, who had been the CCP general secretary since 1980 and who had encouraged democratic reforms; in January 1987 he was forced to resign his post. The system has been widely criticized as an Orwellian and authoritarian by privacy advocates. aspect of the demonstrations, prompting Bush to ask "if this was just a situation within the context of the Chinese leadership crisis that had Toggle Navigation. a broad sketch of the bleak situation in China, covering martial law, arrests It reports that "troops continued to fire indiscriminately Moreover, Shanghai Emphasizing the importance of the long-term the military relationship. that the military had apparently chosen to replace "the much-hated 27th and historians, these conversations are sprinkled over a much broader landscape "more than seventy tanks moving at a fast speed passed the diplomatic compound units of the PLA would turn on each other was raised in the June 6th edition

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